Yhdysvallat - englanti - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

mylan institutional inc. - chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride (unii: mfm6k1xwdk) (chlordiazepoxide - unii:6rz6xez3cr) - chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride 5 mg - chlordiazepoxide hcl capsules are indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short term relief of symptoms of anxiety, withdrawal symptoms of acute alcoholism, and preoperative apprehension and anxiety. anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic. the effectiveness of chlordiazepoxide hcl capsules in long term use, that is, more than 4 months, has not been assessed by systematic clinical studies. the physician should periodically reassess the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient. chlordiazepoxide hcl capsules are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug. chlordiazepoxide is a schedule iv controlled substance. chlordiazepoxide is a benzodiazepine and a cns depressant with a potential for abuse and addiction. abuse is the intentional, non-therapeutic use of a drug, even once, for its desirable psychological or physiological effects. misuse is the intentional use, for therapeutic purposes, of a drug by an individual in a way other than prescribed by a health care provider or for whom it was not prescribed. drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that may include a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling drug use (e.g., continuing drug use despite harmful consequences, giving a higher priority to drug use than other activities and obligations), and possible tolerance or physical dependence. even taking benzodiazepines as prescribed may put patients at risk for abuse and misuse of their medication.  abuse and misuse may lead to addiction. abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines often (but not always) involve the use of doses greater than the maximum recommended dosage and commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes, including respiratory depression, overdose, or death. benzodiazepines are often sought by individuals who abuse drugs and other substances, and by individuals with addictive disorders (see warnings: abuse, misuse, and addiction). the following adverse reactions have occurred with benzodiazepine abuse and/or misuse: abdominal pain, amnesia, anorexia, anxiety, aggression, ataxia, blurred vision, confusion, depression, disinhibition, disorientation, dizziness, euphoria, impaired concentration and memory, indigestion, irritability, muscle pain, slurred speech, tremors, and vertigo. the following severe adverse reactions have occurred with benzodiazepine abuse and/or misuse: delirium, paranoia, suicidal ideation and behavior, seizures, coma, breathing difficulty, and death. death is more often associated with polysubstance use (especially benzodiazepines with other cns depressants such as opioids and alcohol). physical dependence chlordiazepoxide may produce physical dependence from continued therapy. physical dependence is a state that develops as a result of physiological adaptation in response to repeated drug use, manifested by withdrawal signs and symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dose reduction of a drug. abrupt discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction of benzodiazepines or administration of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist, may precipitate acute withdrawal reactions, including seizures, which can be life-threatening. patients at an increased risk of withdrawal adverse reactions after benzodiazepine discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction include those who take higher dosages (i.e., higher and/or more frequent doses) and those who have had longer durations of use (see warnings: dependence and withdrawal reactions). to reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue chlordiazepoxide or reduce the dosage (see dosage and administration: discontinuation or dosage reduction of chlordiazepoxide and warnings: dependence and withdrawal reactions). acute withdrawal signs and symptoms acute withdrawal signs and symptoms associated with benzodiazepines have included abnormal involuntary movements, anxiety, blurred vision, depersonalization, depression, derealization, dizziness, fatigue, gastrointestinal adverse reactions (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, decreased appetite), headache, hyperacusis, hypertension, irritability, insomnia, memory impairment, muscle pain and stiffness, panic attacks, photophobia, restlessness, tachycardia, and tremor. more severe acute withdrawal signs and symptoms, including life-threatening reactions, have included catatonia, convulsions, delirium tremens, depression, hallucinations, mania, psychosis, seizures, and suicidality. protracted withdrawal syndrome protracted withdrawal syndrome associated with benzodiazepines is characterized by anxiety, cognitive impairment, depression, insomnia, formication, motor symptoms (e.g., weakness, tremor, muscle twitches), paresthesia, and tinnitus that persists beyond 4 to 6 weeks after initial benzodiazepine withdrawal. protracted withdrawal symptoms may last weeks to more than 12 months. as a result, there may be difficulty in differentiating withdrawal symptoms from potential re-emergence or continuation of symptoms for which the benzodiazepine was being used. tolerance tolerance to chlordiazepoxide may develop from continued therapy. tolerance is a physiological state characterized by a reduced response to a drug after repeated administration (i.e., a higher dose of a drug is required to produce the same effect that was once obtained at a lower dose). tolerance to the therapeutic effect of chlordiazepoxide may develop; however, little tolerance develops to the amnestic reactions and other cognitive impairments caused by benzodiazepines.

Yhdysvallat - englanti - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

mylan institutional llc - methadone hydrochloride (unii: 229809935b) (methadone - unii:uc6vbe7v1z) - methadone hydrochloride 10 mg in 1 ml - code of federal regulations, title 42, sec 8. methadone products when used for the treatment of opioid addiction in detoxification or maintenance programs, shall be dispensed only by opioid treatment programs (and agencies, practitioners or institutions by formal agreement with the program sponsor) certified by the substance abuse and mental health services administration and approved by the designated state authority. certified treatment programs shall dispense and use methadone in oral form only and according to the treatment requirements stipulated in the federal opioid treatment standards (42 cfr 8.12). see below for important regulatory exceptions to the general requirement for certification to provide opioid agonist treatment. failure to abide by the requirements in these regulations may result in criminal prosecution, seizure of the drug supply, revocation of the program approval, and injunction precluding operation of the program. regulatory exceptions to the general requirement for certification to provide opioid agonist treatment: during inpatient care, when the patient was admitted for any condition other than concurrent opioid addiction (pursuant to 21cfr 1306.07(c)), to facilitate the treatment of the primary admitting diagnosis. during an emergency period of no longer than 3 days while definitive care for the addiction is being sought in an appropriately licensed facility (pursuant to 21cfr 1306.07(b)). methadone hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with: methadone hydrochloride injection contains methadone, a schedule ii controlled substance. methadone hydrochloride injection contains methadone, a substance with high potential for misuse and abuse, which can lead to the development of substance use disorder, including addiction (see warnings). misuse is the intentional use, for therapeutic purposes, of a drug by an individual in a way other than prescribed by a healthcare provider or for whom it was not prescribed. abuse is the intentional, non-therapeutic use of a drug, even once, for its desirable psychological or physiological effects. drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that may include a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling drug use (e.g., continuing drug use despite harmful consequences, giving a higher priority to drug use than other activities and obligations), and possible tolerance or physical dependence. misuse and abuse of methadone hydrochloride injection increases risk of overdose, which may lead to central nervous system and respiratory depression, hypotension, seizures, and death. the risk is increased with concurrent abuse of methadone hydrochloride injection with alcohol and/or other central nervous system depressants. abuse of and addiction to opioids in some individuals may not be accompanied by concurrent tolerance and symptoms of physical dependence. in addition, abuse of opioids can occur in the absence of addiction. all patients treated with opioids require careful and frequent reevaluation for signs of misuse, abuse, and addiction, because use of opioid analgesic products carries the risk of addiction even under appropriate medical use. patients at high risk of methadone hydrochloride injection abuse include those with a history of prolonged use of any opioid, including products containing methadone, those with a history of drug or alcohol abuse, or those who use methadone hydrochloride injection in combination with other abused drugs. “drug-seeking” behavior is very common in persons with substance use disorders. drug-seeking tactics include emergency calls or visits near the end of office hours, refusal to undergo appropriate examination, testing, or referral, repeated “loss” of prescriptions, tampering with prescriptions, and reluctance to provide prior medical records or contact information for other treating healthcare provider(s). “doctor shopping” (visiting multiple prescribers to obtain additional prescriptions) is common among people who abuse drugs and people with substance use disorder. preoccupation with achieving adequate pain relief can be appropriate behavior in a patient with inadequate pain control. methadone hydrochloride injection, like other opioids, can be diverted for nonmedical use into illicit channels of distribution. careful record-keeping of prescribing information, including quantity, frequency, and renewal requests, as required by state and federal law, is strongly advised. proper assessment of the patient, proper prescribing practices, periodic reevaluation of therapy, and proper dispensing and storage are appropriate measures that help to limit abuse of opioid drugs. risks specific to abuse of methadone hydrochloride injection abuse of methadone hydrochloride injection poses a risk of overdose and death. the risk is increased with concurrent use of methadone hydrochloride injection with alcohol and/or other cns depressants. parenteral drug abuse is commonly associated with transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and hiv. both tolerance and physical dependence can develop during use of opioid therapy. tolerance is a physiological state characterized by a reduced response to a drug after repeated administration (i.e., a higher dose of a drug is required to produce the same effect that was once obtained at a lower dose). physical dependence is a state that develops as a result of a physiological adaptation in response to repeated drug use, manifested by withdrawal signs and symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dose reduction of a drug. withdrawal may be precipitated through the administration of drugs with opioid antagonist activity (e.g., naloxone), mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (e.g., pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine), or partial agonists (e.g., buprenorphine). physical dependence may not occur to a clinically significant degree until after several days to weeks of continued use. do not abruptly discontinue methadone hydrochloride injection in a patient physically dependent on opioids. rapid tapering of methadone hydrochloride injection in a patient physically dependent on opioids may lead to serious withdrawal symptoms, uncontrolled pain, and suicide. rapid discontinuation has also been associated with attempts to find other sources of opioid analgesics, which may be confused with drug-seeking for abuse. when discontinuing methadone hydrochloride injection, gradually taper the dosage using a patient-specific plan that considers the following: the dose of methadone hydrochloride injection the patient has been taking, the duration of treatment, and the physical and psychological attributes of the patient. to improve the likelihood of a successful taper and minimize withdrawal symptoms, it is important that the opioid tapering schedule is agreed upon by the patient. in patients taking opioids for an extended period of time at high doses, ensure that a multimodal approach to pain management, including mental health support (if needed), is in place prior to initiating an opioid analgesic taper (see dosage and administration, and warnings). infants born to mothers physically dependent on opioids will also be physically dependent and may exhibit respiratory difficulties and withdrawal signs (see precautions: pregnancy).

Yhdysvallat - englanti - NLM (National Library of Medicine)

mylan institutional inc. - acetaminophen (unii: 362o9itl9d) (acetaminophen - unii:362o9itl9d), codeine phosphate (unii: gsl05y1mn6) (codeine anhydrous - unii:ux6owy2v7j) - acetaminophen 300 mg - acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets are indicated for the management of mild to moderate pain, where treatment with an opioid is appropriate and for which alternative treatments are inadequate. limitations of use because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse, with opioids, even at recommended doses [see warnings ], reserve acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options [e.g., non-opioid analgesics] - have not provided adequate analgesia, or are not expected to provide adequate analgesia, - have not been tolerated, or are not expected to be tolerated. acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets are contraindicated for: - all children younger than 12 years of age [see warnings ]. - post-operative management in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy [see warnings ]. acetaminophen and codeine phosphate tablets are contraindicated in patients with: - significant respiratory depression [see warnings ].

Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta - englanti - MHRA (Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency)

accord-uk ltd - ropinirole hydrochloride - oral tablet - 5mg

Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta - englanti - MHRA (Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency)

mawdsley-brooks & company ltd - ropinirole hydrochloride - oral tablet - 5mg

Euroopan unioni - englanti - EMA (European Medicines Agency)

instituto grifols, s.a. - human fibrinogen, human thrombin - hemostasis, surgical - antihemorrhagics - supportive treatment in adults where standard surgical techniques are insufficient:for improvement of haemostasisas suture support in vascular surgery

Australia - englanti - Department of Health (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

vantive pty ltd - 58130 - haemodialysis system, institutional - the prismax control unit is intended for: continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt) for patients with acute renal failure and/or fluid overload; therapeutic plasma exchange (tpe) therapy for patients with diseases where removal of plasma components is indicated; hemoperfusion (hp) for patients with conditions where immediate removal of substances by adsorption is indicated; extracorporeal co2 removal (ecco2r) for patients with conditions where extracorporeal elimination of carbon dioxide is indicated. all treatments administered via the prismax control unit must be prescribed by a physician.

Armenia - englanti - Դեղերի և բժշկական տեխնոլոգիաների փորձագիտական կենտրոնի գործունեության Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում

institute of isotopes co. ltd. - 131i sodium iodide - capsules hard - 38-7400mbq

Armenia - englanti - Դեղերի և բժշկական տեխնոլոգիաների փորձագիտական կենտրոնի գործունեության Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում

institute of isotopes co. ltd. konkoly thege miklos str.29-33 - 131i sodium iodide - capsules hard - 0.5-37mbq

Malta - englanti - Medicines Authority

institute of isotopes co. ltd h-1121 budapest, konkoly-thege miklós út 29-33, hungary - tetrakis, methoxy isobutyl, isonitrile, copper, tetrafluorolborate - kit for radiopharmaceutical preparation powder for solution for injection - tetrakis (2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile) copper (i) tetrafluorolborate 1 mg - diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals